Coalition of local leaders call for changes to restore trust and accountability
By Miriam Raftery
Photo by Ben Reid, Creative Commons image on FlickR
December 4, 2014 (San Diego)--For the second time in the past two weeks, a Grand Jury has failed to indict a white police officer for killing a black man. The latest decision was in New York, where jurors declined to charge a police officer in the choking death of Eric Garner.
Unlike the now-famous case in Ferguson, Missouri where a Grand Jury acquitted a white police officer of shooting and killing an unarmed black man who some witnesses said had his hands up in a surrender position, the case in New York was documented on videotape by a friend of Garner’s.
Yet jurors refused to prosecute the officer in New York, even though the video showed the officer using a chokehold to subdue Eric Garner, who was accused of selling cigarettes without paying taxes, while several other officers surrounded him. The video shows Garner clearly stating “I can’t breathe” at least 11 times in a panicked voice before passing out. A second video shows police standing by, making no effort to resuscitate Garner, before an ambulance arrived. The father of six, a large man who also suffered from asthma, was taken to a local hospital, where he died.
The Medical Examiner ruled Garner’s death a homicide caused by the choke hold, though the officer's attorney contended Garner's health conditions were the cause. Garner’s neck had hemorrhaging as proof of the neck compression applied by the officer.
Choke holds are illegal for New York’s police department. The NYPD patrol guide states that this includes any pressure to the throat or windpipe which may prevent or hinder breathing. The ban was put in place in 1993, after five officers were put on trial for killing a 21-year-old by asphyxiation, or strangling, San Diego Free Press reports. Four of those officers were acquitted.
Columbia Law School professor Jeffrey Fagan concludes that the video “appears to show negligence.” Cardoza School of Law professor Ekow Yankah agrees, KPBS reports, stating that “It is hard to understand how a jury doesn’t see any probable cause that a crime has been committed” when looking at that video.
After New York’s Grand Jury issued its decision, protests erupted in the streets of New York and in cities across the nation in what has come to be called the “Black Lives Matter” movement. In New York, protesters staged a “die in” in Grand Central Station, blocked traffic on the Brooklyn Bridge and chanted “I can’t breathe” outside the Christmas tree lighting at Rockefeller Center. Unlike in Ferguson, the New York protests were largely peaceful , with no rioting, only non-violent protests.
Reporting San Diego’s Nadin Abbott offered this analysis of why minorities, particularly in America, are rightfully mistrustful of the justice system in America. “There is one word that comes to mind,” she writes. “This is the word impunity. It seems that there is nothing that can be said, or done, that will lead to the conviction of a white officer when a person of color dies.”
Yet another case making headlines involves a white police officer in Cleveland who recently shot and killed a 12-year-old boy with a toy gun. The caller who reported the boy in a park said the gun might be a toy. Yet the officer fatally shot the boy within two seconds of arriving and getting out of his patrol car, with no apparent provocation.
Attorney General Eric Holder says his office will conduct its own investigation of Garner’s death at the hands of Officer Daniel Pantaleo, who also faces an internal probe by the New York Police Department.
President Barack Obama has called for funding to provide body cameras for police across the nation. Studies have shown that body cameras tend to improve public trust of police and reduce complaints of police violence. San Diego’s Police Department recently added body cameras and El Cajon’s City Council will hear a proposal on Tuesday by Councilman Gary Kendrick that would require body cameras for El Cajon Police officers.
But as the Eric Garner case shows, not even videotape of what the medical examiner calls a homicide is enough to assure that a white police officer will stand trial when a black man is killed. And even in the rare occasions when an officer is indicted, convictions seldom occur. An officer typically need only state that he feared for his life to avoid prosecution or conviction.
Still, body cameras are seen by leaders of minority communities as a good starting point to holding police accountable when excessive force leads to a death.
Here in San Diego, black spiritual leaders including Bishop George McKinney and Pastor Brown have joined forces with Mark Arabo, a leader in the Iraqi Chaldean Christian community to help stop police injustices. Today they announced plans to craft state and federal legislation that would require all police officers to wear body cameras, and to fly to Sacramento and Washington D.C. to lobby legislators on the issue.
In a press statement issued to media on Thursday, Arabo, who is spear-heading the effort states, “"The killing of Michael Brown, and the latest death of Eric Garner shows that something needs to change, and it needs to change now. I am combining the collective efforts of San Diego's spiritual leaders to show that we are unified in our need for collective action. This is because injustices like the ones we see today hurt all of us. Its pain is colorblind,” Arabo concludes, adding, “Reform, like the implementation of body cameras should no longer be an option, but mandatory.”
Beyond body cameras, other potential reforms proposed by other groups range from changing laws so that police could not escape responsibility for killing someone merely by claiming to be afraid. Improved training of officers and adding more minority officers to police forces across America, are additional steps that can be taken to help restore trust and accountability.
Until this occurs, expect the Black Lives Matter movement to grow in strength, as people of all races join together in calling for justice for victims of violence by police.
Comments
Eric Garner
Broken